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Butylated Urea-Formaldehyde Resin (BUF) is a modified product of urea-formaldehyde resin (synthesized by the polycondensation of urea and formaldehyde) through butanol etherification. By reacting butanol with the hydroxymethyl groups (-CH2OH) in urea-formaldehyde resin, butoxy-substituted derivatives are formed, enhancing its properties:

1. Solubility: Improved solubility in organic solvents (e.g., xylene, alcohols), making it suitable for solvent-based coating systems.
2. Stability: Reduced tendency for hydroxymethyl self-condensation, enhancing storage stability.
3. Flexibility: Lower brittleness, improving impact resistance of coatings or adhesive layers.
4. Compatibility: Better miscibility with other resins (e.g., alkyd resins, epoxy resins).

Key Applications

1. Coatings Industry
   • Cross-linking Agent: As a type of amino resin, it is combined with alkyd resins, acrylic resins, etc., in high-temperature curing coatings (e.g., automotive topcoats, coil coatings, industrial baking paints) to provide high gloss, hardness, and chemical resistance.
   • Wood Coatings: Used in furniture and floor paints to enhance surface wear and scratch resistance.
2. Adhesives
   • Wood Bonding: Applied in particleboard and plywood production, offering improved water resistance compared to conventional urea-formaldehyde resins.
   • Laminated Materials: Provides strong adhesion in composites with paper or fabrics.
3. Composite Materials
   • Molding Compounds: Serves as a matrix resin for electrical components and automotive parts, enhancing heat resistance and dimensional stability.
4. Other Fields
   • Inks: Used as a binder to improve weather resistance and adhesion of printed materials.
   • Textile Auxiliaries: Acts as a fabric finishing agent to enhance wrinkle resistance and hand feel.

Advantages and Limitations

• Advantages: Low cost, fast curing, high hardness, and solvent resistance.
• Limitations: May release trace formaldehyde; less environmentally friendly compared to water-based or formaldehyde-free resins (e.g., polyurethane, acrylic). 

  Fundamental Chemical Properties

  Property	Specification
  Chemical Name	Butylated Urea Formaldehyde Resin
  CAS Number	[Not specified]
  Molecular Structure	Modified UF resin with butanol etherification
  Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid
  Solid Content	50-60%
  Viscosity (25°C)	200-800 mPa·s
  pH Value	7.5-9.0
  Solubility	Water-miscible

  Key Performance Characteristics

  Parameter	Test Method	Typical Value
  Cure Temperature	DSC	100-130°C
  Gel Time (120°C)	ISO 8985	90-180 sec
  Flexural Strength	ASTM D790	80-110 MPa
  Water Resistance	24h immersion	≤2% weight gain
  Storage Stability	25°C/6 months	≤10% viscosity change

  Application Guidelines

  Application	Technical Parameters
  Wood Adhesives	Press time: 60-90 sec at 110°C
  Coatings	10-15% resin solids content
  Paper Impregnation	40-50% pickup rate
  Curing System	Acid catalyst required (pH 3-5)
  Pot Life	4-8 hours (after catalyst addition)

  Key Features:

  Enhanced water resistance vs conventional UF resins

  Lower formaldehyde emission (<0.1 ppm by chamber test)

  Improved flexibility with butoxylation modification

  Excellent adhesion to cellulose materials

  Thermosetting with irreversible cure